While one of the first steps of the JNU administration to clamp down on the democratic rights of the students during the Emergency was to clamp down on the Students Union, the new academic year of 1975-76 saw the JNU administration trying to impose an authoritarian "code of conduct" and striking off the names of students whose political opinions were not liked by those in power. The students of JNU, of course, did not take all these lying down. The SFI, in its bulletin welcoming the new students to JNU, explained why the crackdown on the Union is dangerous, opposed the "code of conduct" and warned the administration against tampering with the admission procedure. The President of the JNU Students Union subsequently brought out a pamphlet informing the students that B. D. Nagchaudhuri, the Vice-Chancellor, had arbitrarily struck off the names of some students from the admission list. Another pamphlet from the Students Union gave out more details of this anti-student action by the administration and urged the students to resist this attack. Finally 'The Resistance', through a secretly circulated pamphlet, called upon students to boycott classes. Here we reproduce the SFI bulletin, the JNUSU President's pamphlet, excerpts from the detailed JNUSU pamphlet, the Class Boycott call by 'The Resistance' and a report on the strike.
It needs to be noted here that the admission policy of JNU, which the SFI-led Unions had fought for and won, was one which enabled students from poorer backgrounds and backward regions to enter JNU. Under this policy, weightages were given for students from deprived socio-economic backgrounds and those hailing from backward regions. Student-Faculty Committees (SFCs) were set up with elected students in each Centre (the departments in JNU are called Centres). The SFCs were empowered to scrutinise the entrance tests and finalise the results. The results of this democratic admission policy was seen in the 1973 admissions, when students from diverse backgrounds were able to enter JNU. Therefore it was no surprise that the administration tried to weaken the SFCs as the bulletin described.
Students’ Federation of
India — Bulletin
“Welcome to JNU”
The new academic session has begun with
a series of systematic and obviously planned manoeuvres attacking the
democratic movement built over the last few years, and to curb the hard won
rights of the student community. The first of these manoeuvres was the
arbitrary declaration by the Vice-Chancellor, in the prospectus, that the
membership to the Students Union is voluntary. The Students’ Union in our
University, unlike those in many other universities, is fully independent of
the administration. It was formed and has been sustained by the strong
democratic student movement in the campus. The affairs of the Students Union — including
elections — are managed entirely by the students, and the Students Union is
responsible to the students and students alone. The Students Union membership
is automatic to all bonafide students and compulsory (as per the agreement
with the VC at the time of its formation) as it is the only independent
forum which reflects and caters to the democratic interests of the students.
To weaken the Students’ Union by making its membership voluntary is to weaken
the democratic movement built up in this campus until now. The SFI condemns
this act of the VC and shall strongly resist this move.
This move should not be seen as an
isolated one. It is a continuation of the efforts of the VC to disrupt the
democratic movement in the university. These attempts began with the so-called
‘Code of Conduct’ proposed by the Vice-Chancellor last year which was
unanimously rejected with contempt by the General Body of students. The same
‘Code of Conduct’ we find has been printed and circulated this year titled
‘norms of behaviour’. The SFI shall resist this move which is yet another to
weaken the democratic movement in the campus.
These attempts of the Vice-Chancellor
have been followed up this year by blatant violations of the admission
procedure as laid down by the Academic Council. There has been arbitrary
intervention by the Vice-Chancellor in the functioning of the SFCs and we find
that some names recommended by the SFCs have been arbitrarily struck off by the
Vice-Chancellor. We wish to point out that the VC cannot reverse or nullify the
procedure passed by the Academic Council and endorsed by the Executive Council.
This we see as an attack on the academic freedom of the University and shall
therefore resist it. We greet the stand taken by a considerable section of
faculty in opposing this interference by the Vice-Chancellor. We, however,
condemn that section which has objectively been playing the ‘rear guard’ of the
authorities. It is interesting to note that those who ostensibly declare themselves
as “dedicated to the students’ cause” have refrained from mentioning the
attacks by the Vice-Chancellor on the democratic movement in the campus.
The SFI calls upon all democratic
elements in the University to resist this two pronged attack of the VC, one
against all traces of democratic functioning on the campus and the other on the
Students’ Union.
LONG LIVE STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND KARAMCHARI
UNITY
RESIST THESE ATTEMPTS BY THE VC &
HIS COLLABORATORS
AND UNITE TO DEFEND YOUR DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS
AND UNITE TO DEFEND YOUR DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS
INDEPENDENCE DEMOCRACY SOCIALISM
(August 1975) SFI (JNU UNIT)
A pamphlet by D.P. Tripathi, the President of the JNU Students Union, informed the students about the VC's arbitrary action.
We will not allow the Vice-Chancellor to prevent the admissions of Students simply because they do not meet a certain criterion which is completely extra academic and apparently mysterious. We demand that the Vice-Chancellor should at least abide by his own statement that no section of the University community can infringe upon the democratic rights of any other section.
There
were no classes in the Centre for Economic Studies, the Centre for Historical Studies,
the Centre for Political Studies, the Centre for Science Policy, the Centre for
Educational Studies, the Centre for Social Systems. In the Centre for Regional Development
only one class was held in which out of a total of 30 only 7 attended. In the
School of Languages: No classes in the Centre for French Studies (this is the
biggest centre in the School). No classes in Persian, Arabic, Linguistics,
Indonesian and Chinese. Only one class in German and Spanish.
A pamphlet by D.P. Tripathi, the President of the JNU Students Union, informed the students about the VC's arbitrary action.
Jawaharlal Nehru University Students’ Union
August 7, 1977
Friends,
The Students’ Union wishes to inform the students of the University of
the arbitrary action of the Vice-Chancellor in striking off names from the
admission list which were recommended by various centres after evaluation. This
is a blatant attack on the democratic rights of both the students and the
teachers. The Students Union welcomes the stand taken by a considerable section
of the faculty who are opposing this attack on academic freedom. Once again we
reiterate that these anti-democratic acts will not be tolerated by the students
of this University. As far as the admissions of students is concerned, we do
not accept this interference and violation of the democratic procedure laid
down by the Academic Council.
We will not allow the Vice-Chancellor to prevent the admissions of Students simply because they do not meet a certain criterion which is completely extra academic and apparently mysterious. We demand that the Vice-Chancellor should at least abide by his own statement that no section of the University community can infringe upon the democratic rights of any other section.
RESIST THIS ATTACK ON DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS
LONG LIVE STUDENT UNITY
— Devi Prasad Tripathi
President, JNUSU
The statement by the JNUSU President was confirmed by the declared results of the JNU entrance examination and viva voce. Several students who had excellent academic records found that their names had been struck off the admission lists due to their political opinions. The victimised students included the JNUSU President himself.
A pamphlet issued by the Students Union and signed by Ashok Lata Jain, who chaired the Students' Council meeting held on 19 August 1975, gave out more details.Here is an excerpt from the pamphlet:
The time has come for the students to strike against the measures taken by the Vice Chancellor to curb the democratic rights of teachers and students. Because of their political opinions, and despite their excellent academic performances, students have been victimised and denied, admission. The University authorities launched this attack beginning with the President of the Students' Union, Devi Prasad Tripathi.
Tripathi, a first class student throughout, coming from a backward area, as well as an economically deprived background, was not given admission to the M.Phil. programme. The Chairman of the Board, which interviewed JNU students of the Centre for Political Studies, is said to have stated prior to the written test and interview that Tripathi would be eliminated. The older students will remember that this same Tripathi came first in the list for the MA programme.
Two Student Councillors, Rajaram and Promod Kumar Misra, again both first class students were recommended for admission by their respective faculties, who found them academically competent, but were denied admission by the VC. The reason again was that they hold certain political opinions which differ from those of the Vice-Chancellor.
The pamphlet then listed out 11 students whose names had been struck off the list due to political reasons. It also said that the final admission lists were yet to be declared for M.Phil./Ph.D. programme in various centres of the School of Social Sciences, and that considering the trend, further victimisation can be expected. The pamphlet said that these attacks on academic freedom and anti-democratic acts must be fought.
But given the climate of repression, what form this fight will take, was to be detailed in a secret pamphlet brought out by 'The Resistance', which urged students to boycott classes on 22 August. Very few copies of the pamphlet were made, and the students circulated them so as to keep the plans secret from the authorities. The pamphlet is reproduced below.
Urgent: Read & Circulate
Boycott
Classes in Protest: 22 August
Students
who have qualified for admissions and approved by the Centres concerned have
been struck off the lists by the Vice-Chancellor and the Registrar’s office.
They have been passing on the lists to the police and Govt. for screening. By
this action they hope to crush the Union and keep students who do not toe the
official line, off the campus. The president of the Union, Tripathi has been
denied admission in his own centre for M.Phil by giving him ridiculously low
marks in the viva and test. Two of the Union Councillors, Rajaram and P.K.
Mishra have had their admissions annulled by the VC in their own centres and in
the School of International Studies, after they had qualified. Similar cases
exist in other centres: History: Sujata Madhok; Social Systems: Rabindra Ray;
School of Languages: Ramesh Dixit; School of International Studies: Mohan Ram.
By
this the University has struck a blow at the students and teachers on the
campus, making a mockery of the admission system so carefully worked out in the
past. They have interfered with the rights of the “other components of the
University”.
IN
PROTEST ALL THE STUDENTS WILL BOYCOTT CLASSES, THE LIBRARY AND ALL ACADEMIC
WORK ON THE CAMPUS ON 22 AUGUST, FRIDAY, TO EXPRESS THEIR PROTEST AGAINST THIS
HEINOUS ACTION OF THE VC AND THE ADMINSITRATION.
We
call upon the students to strictly observe the following:
11. All non-residents should stay at home on 22
August.
22. All residents should either stay in their hostels
or go out of the campus for the day.
33. Spread the word of the boycott to your
friends individually and explain the reasons for this action.
We make an urgent appeal to the faculty to
observe this boycott and cooperate by not taking classes in protest against the
dictatorial step of the VC. Let this be a joint action.
UNITEDLY
GO INTO THIS ACTION BOLDLY;
REBUFF
ALL STTEMPTS TO SUPPRESS OUR DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS.
— THE
RESISTANCE
The strike was a resounding success, as the report by 'The Resistance' showed:
Report
of the 22 August Strike
The students
of Nehru University went on a one day total strike on 2 August in protest
against the Vice-Chancellor’s lawless and arbitrary action. The strike was a
complete success. The students in an organised and disciplined fashion
boycotted all classes, the library, the laboratory and other academic
programmes on the campus. The censored press has reported that the boycott call
was a flop. The magnificent response of the students can be seen from the
following facts:
In
the School of International Studies, 3 students out of 27 attended an MA class.
In the first year MA only 6 out of 26.
Out
of the over 200 classes scheduled for the day only about 10 were held and even
in these the attendance was around 10 percent.
The
teachers supported the boycott. Most of them did not go to take the classes
despite a circular from the Registrar asking heads of Centres to report names
of teachers who did not take classes.
Angry
over the great success of the boycott, the Registrar has suspended Ashok Lata
Jain, prominent Student Councillor and a leader of the Students’ Federation of
India on the campus, and ordered her to leave the campus with immediate effect.
The students are preparing to resist this blatant attack now.
— THE
RESISTANCE
While the class boycott was a success and a sent a strong message, the suspension of Ashok Lata Jain made it clear that the government and the administration were not going to tolerate any challenge to their authoritarianism. But if oppression is the ruling classes' privilege, the students were absolutely clear in their understanding that protest is their right. They were determined to fight on, even as they knew that more repression was awaiting them.
(To be continued)
